What is the relation between syphilis and eye health?

14 December 2023

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum, has been the subject of attention throughout history due to its various manifestations and its impacts on general health. One of the least known, but equally significant aspects of this disease is its relationship with eye health. In this blog, we explain the connection between syphilis and eye problems, highlighting the importance of early detection and proper treatment.

Before delving into the relationship with eye health, it is essential to understand the stages of syphilis. The disease develops in several phases: primary, secondary, latent and tertiary. During the primary and secondary stages, it can manifest with skin lesions, fever and general malaise. However, symptoms are often mild or go unnoticed.

Syphilis can affect the eyes at various stages of the disease. During the secondary phase, ocular symptoms such as redness, irritation and blurred vision may be observed, which may be misinterpreted or attributed to other conditions, highlighting the importance of specialized medical care.

One of the most serious ocular complications associated with syphilis is syphilitic uveitis. Uveitis is inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. In the case of syphilitic uveitis, the inflammation is directly linked to the presence of the bacteria Treponema pallidum in the eye.

Symptoms of syphilitic uveitis may include eye pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and in severe cases, vision loss. It is essential that people diagnosed with syphilis are aware of the possibility of this ocular complication and seek immediate medical attention if they experience changes in visual health.

Early diagnosis of syphilis is crucial to prevent serious complications, including those that affect eye health. Specific blood tests are effective tools to confirm the presence of the disease.

The standard treatment for syphilis involves the administration of antibiotics, usually penicillin. In cases of syphilitic uveitis, treatment may require collaboration with ophthalmologists and other health professionals to address ocular inflammation and prevent permanent damage.

Early detection, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to prevent serious complications, thus preserving general and ocular health. Syphilis, although historically known, continues to be a reminder of the need for awareness, education and care in the area of sexual and general health.