Am I at risk for glaucoma?

27 March 2025

Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that damages the optic nerve and can lead to irreversible vision loss if not detected and treated early. It is known as the "silent thief of sight" because it presents no obvious symptoms in its early stages. Identifying whether you are at risk for glaucoma is essential to take preventative measures and protect your eye health.

Risk factors for glaucoma

Several factors can increase your likelihood of developing glaucoma. The main ones include:

1. Family history: If you have immediate family members with glaucoma, your risk is significantly higher.

2. Advanced age: After age 40, the risk of glaucoma increases, and it is more common in people over 60.

3. Elevated intraocular pressure: Increased eye pressure is one of the main risk factors for glaucoma.

4. Systemic diseases: Conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease can increase your risk.

5. High myopia or hyperopia: People with extreme refractive errors may be more likely to develop glaucoma.

6. Long-term use of corticosteroids: Corticosteroid medications, in the form of drops or systemic, can increase intraocular pressure and the risk of glaucoma.

7. Eye trauma: A blow to the eye or previous surgeries can affect the drainage of aqueous humor and raise eye pressure.

8. Ethnic origin: People of African descent are more predisposed to certain types of glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a silent disease, but it is largely preventable if detected early. If you have risk factors, don't wait until symptoms appear to see an ophthalmologist. A regular eye exam can make the difference between preserving your vision or facing irreversible loss.